Black clay is one of Mexico’s most fascinating cultural treasures, specifically from the Oaxaca region. This type of pottery has captured the attention of artisans, collectors and tourists from all over the world due to its unique beauty and rich history.
Origins of Black Clay
Black clay has its roots in the community of San Bartolo Coyotepec, located about 15 kilometers south of the city of Oaxaca. This ancient technique has been passed down from generation to generation, preserving its essence and tradition throughout the centuries.
In spite of having its first examples in the Zapotec and Mixtec vestiges of history, the current silver tone with which the black clay is known is a modern technique. It was invented by Rosa Real Mateo de Nieto in the 1950s.
The Art of Creation
The creation of black clay is an art that requires skill, patience and precision. The process begins with the extraction of the clay from local deposits, followed by meticulous cleaning to remove impurities. The clay is then kneaded to a consistency suitable for molding.
Artisans mold the clay by hand or using a potter’s wheel, skillfully shaping each piece. Once the object has been molded, it is left to dry in the open air for several days. This step is crucial, as improper drying can lead to cracking or deformation.
Once dry, the clay is polished with a quartz stone, which gives it its distinctive metallic luster. This step, known as “burnishing”, is essential to obtain the shiny black finish that characterizes these pieces. Finally, the pieces are fired in a kiln at high temperatures, thus completing the transformation process.
A Diverse Array of Creations
Black clay is used to create a wide variety of objects, from pots and vases to decorative figures and jewelry. Each piece is unique, reflecting the creativity and style of the artisan. Some of the most popular creations include skulls, animal figures, vases and pitchers, often featuring intricate hand-carved designs.
Cultural Significance
Black clay is not only an artistic manifestation, but also a symbol of Oaxaca’s identity and cultural heritage. Black clay pieces are used in various festivities and rituals, and their production is a source of livelihood for many families in San Bartolo Coyotepec. This traditional art has managed to survive and prosper thanks to the commitment of local artisans and the interest of visitors who value its beauty and authenticity.
